下学期 Unit 20 Mainly revision,标签:高一下册英语教案,高中英语教案,http://www.67xuexi.com
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It is believed that there is plenty of oil off our coast. 据信我国沿海有大量的石油。
2)介词by在这儿和-ing形式连用,表示“用……方式”,“靠……手段”的意思。例如:
It is thought that he (has) made much money by selling cigarettes. 人们认为他靠卖香烟赚了很多钱。
At the same time another kind of paper was developed, made form silk. 在这一时期,研制了另一种纸,它是用丝帛制成的。
1)at the same time 作“同时”解。如:
They went their different ways, but arrived at the same time. 他们走的是不同的路线,但却同时到了。
2)made from silk过去分词短语作定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,which was made from silk修饰主语another kind of paper.
The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use. 问题是这些丝织品太贵重,用作日常的书写太昂贵。
(1)句中的“The problem is that…”是个常用句型,在英语语法中,它被称作“主系表” (主语+连系动词+表语)结构。而其中的表语用了一个从句形式(that-clause)。这类句型的主语往往用下列名词question, reason, result, fact, suggestion等。例如:
The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening. 问题在于我们能否在明晚以前完成我们的工作。
The fact is that he never told me the truth. 事实是,他从未对我讲真话。
2)句中的“too…for”表示“太……以致不好/不能……”。这里的介词for所接宾语(内容)有否定的含意。例如:
The room is too small for us three. 这房间太小,我们三人住不下。
说明:“too…to”也表达同一含意。区别是:for +n/ pron.; to+in f.。
By the first century the making of paper in some parts of China had been well developed and had become common. 到了公元一世纪,中国有些地区造纸业已十分发达并且变得普遍了。
本句有两个并列谓语,都用了过去完成时态(had been well developed和had become common),表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生的动作。这一过去时间是通过介词by的短语(By the first century)来表示的。又如:
She had not finished her report by yesterday afternoon. 到昨天下午为止,她还没有写完报告。
By the end of last week all the plans had been made. 到上周末为止,所有的计划都订出来了。
They carved a whole page of characters back to front in the wood
“back to front” 是一个合成词,作“反面地”解,在句中作状语,修饰动词carved。
这种合成词是“名词+介词+名词”构成。词与词之间应有连字符连接,如:
如face-to-face(面对面)、back-to-back(背面背)
side-by-side(肩并肩)、hand-in-hand (手牵手)等
这种合成词在句中多作定语;词与词之间无连字符连接、多作状语。例如:
The boy has his sweater on back to front.
He came face to face with death.
Although these were much more useful than the metal pots, they were still difficult to read and were very heavy to carry. 和金属锅相比,这些书籍虽然有用得多,但是读起来还是很费劲,拿起来又很重。
1)句中的much为副词,修饰比较级,表示程度,可译为“……得多”。能充当这类程度状语的副词还有far, a lot, even, still, a great deal, a bit, a little等。例如:
Houses are much/ far / a lot more expensive these days. 如今房子贵多了。
The Chinese farmers are even/ still/ all the / a great deal richer than before. 中国农民比以前更富了。
注意:程度副词every, too等不能和比较级连用。
2)difficult to read和heavy to carry同属于“adj. +带to不定式”结构。
该结构的主要特点是:不定式用主动形式表示被动意义,它与前面的主语有逻辑的动宾关系。因此,如果动词不定式是不及物动词,则要加上必要的介词或副词。例如:
Those programmes are usually easy to receive and not difficult to understand. 这些节目通常都很容易接收到,而且也不难听懂。
适应于这种结构的形容词还有:easy, hard, difficult, impossible, comfortable, pleasant, heavy, interesting, pretty等。
词汇辨析
辨析every day与everyday
every day分开写,在句中通常作状语,表示“每天”;
everyday合写时在句中通常作定语,表示“每日的;日常的”。例如:
You should read English every day. 你应该每天都读英语。
You should practise your English in everyday life. 你应该在每天的日常生活中去练习英语。
辨析contain与include
共同点:两者都有“包含”的意思。区别在于:
contain可用于包含所含之物的全部或部分;
include则只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。例如:
The basket contains a variety of fruits. 这篮子里装有各种水果。
The price includes the tax.这价钱包括税金。
注意:与include 有关的including,included的用法。例如:
We all went to the museum, Lily included. 我们去了博物馆,莉莉也去了。
The band played many songs, including some of my favourites.
乐队演奏了很多曲子,包括我最喜欢的几首。
辨析method 和way
共同点:两者都可以表示“方法”
way是普通用语,指做事情的方法,也可泛指思想方法、生活方式等。
It is English way of living. 这是英国人的生活方式。
method指系统的,具有一定理论性的方法。
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