高二英语语法点重点练习与归纳

　　(3)在begin和start的进行式之后,要用不定式.如:

　　I'm beginning to learn French.

　　另外,当作它们宾语的动词为一些表示心理活动的识知动词时,应用不定式.如:

　　I began to understand the importance of English.

　　(4)forget, remember, go on, mean, regret, stop, try等动词后可带动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有较为明显的区别.试比较:

　　① I remember reading the book. (记得过去曾有过的经历)

　　I must remember to read the book. (别忘记届时去做某事)

　　② I'll try to improve my spoken English. (是"努力""力图"的意思)

　　Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door.(是"尝试"的意思)

　　③ Stop talking. (动名词即停止的内容)

　　He stopped to talk. (不定式是停止的目的,即停下来去做某事)

　　④ I mean to come early today. (表示"打算")

　　Missing the train means waiting for another hour. (表示"意味着")

　　⑤ I regret not having accepted your advice. (是对已做过的事表示后悔)

　　I regret to say I haven't given you enough help. (表示对将要做的事表示遗憾,主要用于宣布坏消息.)

　　⑥ Let's go on discussing the question. (讨论的是同一个问题)

　　Let's go on to discuss another question.(讨论的是另外的一个问题)

　　五.注意不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语时的区别

　　1.在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch等感官动词后作宾语补足语时,不定式为不带to的一般式的主动形式(不含be动词),表示不定式的动作已发生(即动作的全过程已结束),若强调谓语动词的动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行,应用现在分词.如:

　　I often hear him sing the song.

　　When I passed his house, I heard him singing the song.

　　2.在have, let, make后的宾语补足语中, let和make不能用现在分词作宾语补足语,只有have既可跟不定式也可跟现在分词作宾语补足语,两者的区别只须记住:表示动作正在或一直在发生时用现在分词,其余的情况用不定式.如:

　　I won't have you speaking so rudely to me. 我不允许你这样粗暴地对我讲话.

　　She had us working day after day. 她让我们天天干活.

　　I won't have you say such things. 我绝不会让你说这样的话.

　　六.注意与不定式搭配使用的介词问题

　　不及物动词的不定式作定语时,且它与所修饰的词是动宾关系,或者不定式所修饰的词是不定式动作的地点,工具等,不定式后面须用相应的介词来保证这种动宾关系以及结构上的完整.如:

　　There is nothing to worry about.

　　He is looking for a room to live in.

　　Please give me a knife to cut with.

　　但若不定式所修饰的名词是time, place或way时,不定式后面的介词习惯上可省去.如:

　　He had no money and no place to live (in).

　　七.注意不带to的不定式

　　1.不带to的不定式

　　(1)在feel, hear, listen to, see, look at, watch, notice, observe, make, let, have等感官动词和使役动词后,动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to,若句子为被动语态,不定式则应带to.help后可带也可不带to.

　　(2)在had better, had best, would rather, would rather…than, rather than等结构后面用不带to的不定式.如:

　　He insisted on going back to his work rather than stay in hospital.

　　(3)在以why引导的简短疑问句中不带to.如:

　　Why worry about it

　　(4)在cannot choose but, cannot (help)but之后的不定式不带to.如:

　　I cannot(help)but admire his courage.

　　(5)介词but, except之前有行为动词do,其后的不定式不带to,否则要带to.如:

　　She could do nothing but cry.

　　I have no choice but to accept the fact.

　　(6)不定式作表语,若主语部分(含修饰主语的定语从句)已有行为动词do,可省略do.如:

　　What a fire-door does is (to) delay the spread of a fire.

　　What you need to do now is (to) have a good rest.

　　另外,help后的不定式无论作宾语还是作宾语补足语,均可省to.

　　3、语法其他部分倒装

　　一.语法倒装

　　1.当句首为here,there,now ,then,such,等副词，谓语动词为be, go, come等时要倒装。 Here is the book you want. 你要的书在这儿。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 ★当主语为人称代词，则不用倒装。 There he comes! 他来了! Here they are. 他们在这儿。 Here it is. 给你。

　　Behind the desk she stood. 他站在桌子后面。

　　2.The more……，the more结构的倒装。

　　The more you study, the more you know. (宾语前置)

　　3.感叹句中的倒装

　　How happy the children are! (表语前置)

　　4.表示次数，顺序的副词位于句首要倒装。

　　Twive within her lifetime has she been to England. 她一生已两次到过英国。 Next came a man in his forties. 下一个来的是一个40几岁的人。

　　5.与前面的句子相同，表示“也”，后面句子开头常用“so, neither, nor,either,no more”等引导的倒装句，并用do, have, be, can代替实义动词。

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