Unit 18 Seeing the doctor

Unit 18 Seeing the doctor,标签：初二下册英语教案,初中英语教案,http://www.67xuexi.com
语法教学
　　1．情态动词have to
　　（l）情态动词have to和must在意义上基本相同，在很多情况下二者可以互换使用。但must是强调说话人的主观看法，而have to强调的是客观需要。从形式上看must适用于所有的人称，没有时态的变化；而have to有第三人称单数has to，还有时态的变化：had to（过去时），will have to（一般现在将来时）等。例如：
　　①There must be some students in the classroom now.
　　②We must learn English well.
　　③He must stay at home and look after his brother.
　　④There is no bus, we have to go to school on foot.
　　⑤Lucy’s mother is ill in hospital, she has to look after her.
　　⑥She couldn’t find her pen, she had to buy a new one.
　　⑦The students will have to know how to use the computers．

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　　（2）含有情态动词have to的各种句型
　　①陈述句
　　I/We/You/They have to/had to. . . .
　　take this medicine three times a day
　　clean the classroom once a day
　　②主语是第三人称单数
　　She/He has to/had to. . . .
　　take more exercise
　　drink more water
　　③疑问句（借助助动词do/does/did／will等）
　　Do I have to. . .? Yes, you do./No,you don't.
　　Does she/he have to. . . ? Yes, she/he does. /No. she/he doesn t.
　　Did she/he have to. . .? Yes, she/he did./No, she/he didn't.
　　④特殊疑问句
　　What do they have to do now?
　　What does he/she have to say at the meeting?
　　Why did he/she have to see a doctor?
　　Which book do we have to read?
　　教师可通过两人一组的形式操练有关内容，最后叫几个小组到教室前面表演。
　　2．系动词
　　系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和后面的由名词（短语）、形容词（短语）副词或介词短语构成的表语一起使用。最常用的系动词是be，另外还有look，become，get，seem，turn，grow，take，feel，soled，small筹。如：
　　(1) Twins usually look the same.
　　(2) The teacher became angry.
　　(3) His uncle is an English teacher.
　　(4) They look very happy/sad.
　　(5) This kind of apple tastes sweet.
　　(6) After he left school, he became a doctor.
　　(7) This food smells good.
　　(8) His face goes red.
　　教师可结合第71课练习册中的练习2，适当给出一些书面练习，让学生在课后进行操练。
写作建议
　　教师可以让学生写两封短信一封是介绍自己的病情，一封是回信告诉对方如何保持健康。可以使用下列词语（do more exercise, play ball game, eat less sweets, have good rest, have a cold, have a fever, have a headache, need a good rest ）
　　学生完成练习后，再读课文，并回答课后问题。
学法指导
　　1．本单元新出现的词汇比较多，集中记忆比较困难，可以采用分散记忆法。把单词放在课文中去记忆，这样就会减少难度。
　　2．两篇课文篇幅都比较长，对课文内容能熟读就行了。但对一些常用的短语必须要牢牢掌握。如：be tired, wake up, be good for sb. , as soon as, fall asleep, be busy doing sth., all night long, a terrible storm, stop the ship from going down, sleeping pills, listen to music, be fast asleep, hard work, play the same piece, feel weak and died, rest every five minutes, look over, nothing much wrong with sb. ,What do you mean? rich food, take enough exercise, eat less food, some dry bread, feel much healthier, instead of等等。
　　3．本单元的语法项目①情态动词have to与②系动词。要掌握他们的用法必须在了解他们基本含义的基础上，通过一定量的口头和书面练习。
词汇辨析
　　1. too much / much too
　　too much意为“太多”，常修饰不可数名词或行为动词；而much too意为“太”，常修饰形容词或副词，以加强语气。如：
　　He always eats too much meat, so he is much too fat. 他总是吃太多的肉，因此他太胖了。
　　 You talked too much at the meeting. 你在会上讲得太多了。
　　另外，too much也可以单独用，相当于一个名词或代词。如：
　　He is a kind man and often gives too much but gets too little. 他是个好心人，经常付出的多而得到的回报少。
　　2. instead / instead of
　　instead与instead of都有“代替”之意，instead 后不跟其它成分，通常置于句末作状语；而instead of后常跟名词、代词、v-ing形式或介词短语等。如：
　　Why don’t you come and play volleyball instead? 你们为什么不来改打排球呢？
　　We can use the USA instead of America. 我们可以用the USA来代替America.
　　He went to school on foot instead of by bike yesterday. 昨天他步行去上学，没有骑自行车。
　　Jim likes swimming instead of skating. 吉姆喜欢游泳，而不是滑冰。
疑难解析
　　1. What’s the trouble？你怎么了？
　　这是口语中常用的句子，常用于询问对方身体哪里不舒服或发生了什么不幸的事。类似的句子还有：What’s the matter (with you)? 或What’s wrong (with you)?
　　trouble名词，意思是“烦恼，苦恼，忧虑，困难”。常见的搭配有：go to the trouble“不辞辛劳地做某事”；get into trouble“陷入困境，惹麻烦”；be in trouble“处于不幸／苦恼／困境之中”。例如：
　　My teacher went to the trouble of teaching us.我的老师不辞劳苦地教我们。
　　They got into trouble when they climbed that hill yesterday.昨天他们爬山时陷入了困境。

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