[10-20 18:18:21] 来源：http://www.67xuexi.com 初三英语教案 阅读：850次
Your friend was here a week ago, wasnt he? Of course he was.
before可以和完成时态连用，也常常与never连用，表示在早先或过去的某时间的“以前”。
例如：
I never met him before. Hes new to me.
下面以three years ago和three years before为例来进行比较。three years ago用于过去时态，
表示从今天算起的“三年以前”；而three year before用于过去完成时态，表示从三年以前算
起的过去。试看下面的比较：
A. I met him three years ago. Weve been friends for 3 years.
B. I had met him three years before. I met you in 1992.
句A表示：“（从今天算起）三年前我遇见过他。”句B表示：“（从三年前追溯起）三年前我遇见过他一次。”
2) 另外before与ago单纯在形式上的区别是before可以单独使用，ago必须与别的表示时间的词连用。例如：
I have read it before. It is a very good novel.
I read it 3 years ago. But I cant remember everything about it.
例 Have you found the book？ Yes, I _____it five minutes_______．
A. have found, before B. found, before
C. has found, ago D. found, ago
解析 ago表示从现在算起的多少时间以前，用于一般过去式的句子中，before则表示从过去看的某时间以前或泛指以前，常见于完成时态。从本句的答语“我5分钟前找到的”中，可以判断是从现在算起的五分钟前，故选D。
full与fill
（1）fill v．把……填满，常与with连用。如：
Please fill the bags with rice. Weve got to take them to the poor family in the village.
fill也可以表示状态。相当与 be filled with。如：
Smoke filled the room. = The room was filled with smoke．房间里浓烟弥漫。
（2）fill in填入、填写、塞满，如：
–Please fill in your telephone number and your name．
–OK, But may I borrow your pen?
–What shall I do if I want to find a job here?
–Fill in the application form．
（3）full adj. 满的，充满的。其结构是be full of=be filled with，如：
The basket is full of apples. = The basket is filled with apples．Enough for all of us.
The bag full of books is mine. Please carry it for me, Its too heavy.
lose与 miss
1)两者都表示“丢失”。lose的语气较强，含有丢失后不易找到；miss含有“发现丢失”之意。在很多情况下两者可换用。例如：
You said you have lost your watch. When did you miss it? 你说把手表丢了，你什么时候丢的？
2）lose通常用过去分词(lost)作定语或表语；而miss则用其ing形式(missing)作表语或定语。例如：
Is there anything missing (Is there anything lost) ?
Nothing, so far as I know.
on与about
二者都是介词，意为“关于，论及”等，一般情况下，二者可以互相替换，但二者有点区别：about常用于简单的或浅显的论述等，是一般用语，多用于讲故事，谈话；思考等；on多用于系统论述或专题讲演、论著等，具有学术性，如：
The teacher told us a story about Lei Feng. Its very moving.
He will give us a talk on the history of the Party.他将给我们做个关于党史的报告。
正误例析
今天下午我们将听一个关于非洲历史的演讲。
误：Were going to listen to a lecture about African history his afternoon.
正：Were going to listen to a lecture on African history this afternoon.
析：介词about和on都可以作“关于”解。on表示一本书、文章或演讲是严肃的、学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人们参考；about则表示其内容比较通俗，一般人都可阅读。
the lost books 丢失的书。
The book was still missing．书还是找不到。
lost=missing丢失的。英语中单个分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）也能作定语用，它们一般放在名词的前面。又如：a stolen car一辆失窃的汽车；a broken wind。一扇破的窗；the giving name教名，名；a surprised girl一位感到吃惊的女孩。
come up with
come up with= find or produce (an answer)意为“提出，提供”，它是由动词和介词一起构成的短语动词。它的另一个意思是“赶上”。例如：
I hope you can come up with a better plan than this. 我希望你能提出个更好的计划。
We shall have to work hard to come up with them. 我们要努力工作，赶上他们。
类似的词组有：
catch up with come in for pay for
pay for意为“给……报酬”，“付款”。常见句型有：(1) pay for+货物，(2) pay+名词／代词+for+物。例如：
How much did you pay for that book？那本书你付了多少钱？
Ill pay you five yuan for it．我将为此给你五元钱。
Im afraid cant pay you anything for it．我恐怕不能为此给你任何报酬。
She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她以前是一位语文老师。
used to意为“过去经常”，它只有过去式，用于各种人称的单、复数，表示过去存在的，
但现在已经停止的情况或习惯，后接动词原形。例如：
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