英语阅读理解大解密:细节理解题

　　65. Scientists believe that_______.
　A. some babies are born with a sense of direction.
　B. people learn a sense of direction as they grow older
　C. people never lose their sense of direction
　D. everybody possesses a sense of direction from birth

　　66. What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?
　A. They never have a sense of direction without maps
　B. They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction
　C. They have a sense of direction and can find their way around
　D. They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.

　　68. According to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to ________.
　A. ask policemen for directions.
　B. use walls, streams, and streets to guide yourself
　C. remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs
　D. count the number of landmarks that you see

　　答案与解析：

　　65.选D。根据第二段首句可知：科学家认为我们生来就有方向感。

　　66.选C。根据第三段首句可知，七岁大的小孩就具备了辨别方向的能力。

　　68.选B。根据Jim Martland所给的第三条建议中的“… by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or walls in the countryside to guide you.”即可得出答案。

　　2．数据计算题

　　此类试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。

　　例题：（2008年全国高考—安徽卷D篇）
　　…
　　Tuition Fees (学费)
　　Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui @ waikato．ac．nz.
　　Accommodation (住宿)
　　You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: acc@ waikato．ac．nz
　　…

　　69. You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
　　A. $5,250   B. $8,000   C. $9,000   D. $11,000

　　答案与解析：选B。本篇是介绍新西兰Waikato大学的广告。从Tuition Fees (学费)：Tuition fees are different from department to department．generally from$5，000 to$6，000 a year. For further information：tui @waikato.ac.nz .  Accommodation(住宿)：You can have a room in a
4- bedroom fiat, which will cost about$100 a month with other regular living costs of about$150 a month for one person. For further information：acc @ waikato．ac．nz．可知答案为B。$5000(学费)+$100(住宿费)x12(months)+$150(生活费)x12=$8000．

　　3．排序题

　　这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。做此类试题时可采用“首尾法定位法”，即找出事件发展的首与尾，迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确选项。或直接逐一用排除法按顺序排除，得出正确选项。

　　例题： （2008年全国高考—浙江卷D篇）
　　…
　　People can use a home computer to make their shopping lists. Once at the store, a shopper can use a preferred customer card to start a system (系统) that will organize the trip around the store. If you're looking for toothpicks, you type in the word or pick it from a list, and a map will appear on the screen showing where you are and where you can find them.
　　…
　　54. Which of the following is the correct order of shopping with the computerized shopping carts?
　　a. Start the system.                  b. Make a shopping list.
　　c. Find the things you want.           D. Go to a self-checkout stand.
　A. abdc B. bacd    C. acbd       D. bcad

　　答案与解析：选B。细节理解题。由本段的描述可以确定第一件事是Make a shopping list（列购物清单，明确买什么）。最后一件事是Go to a self-checkout stand（去付款台（自动）付钱），排除A、 C，然后再看ab的先后顺序，排除选项D。本题也可结合自己的购物常识进行快速判断。

　　4．信息寻找题、广告阅读题

　　信息寻找题一般在应用文体中较常见，体现于查字典、阅读广告、公告、演出海报、车船航班时间表等之中。这类阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一方面提问，考生完全没有必要从头到尾仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定全法”。即：先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，有针对性地阅读相关部分快速寻找有效信息。

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