英语阅读理解大解密:细节理解题

　　广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。广告属应用文体。严格来说广告属快速寻找信息题。但是广告有着其他快速寻找信息题不同的特点。广告文体简洁明快，省略了大量的词语，达到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同时具有语言精练，形象性、鼓动性强的良好效果。广告阅读题多为细节理解题，关键在于正确理解广告内容。考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推测等）正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推测法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采用“题干定向法”。

　　（1）补全成分法

　　省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。如：Driver wanted. 根据文义，可将该句补充为：A driver will be wanted. (招聘一名司机)。

　　（2）联想推测法

　　在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就需要考生前后连贯，充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。

　　为节省篇幅，特别是在商业广告中，常使用缩写词，尽管有些缩写不太规范，但却常用，常见的缩写词有：

　　Tel. =telephone number       
　　Ph. =phone          
　　Add (r). =address
　　co. =company        
　　Ltd=Limited
　　Max=maximum      
　　Min=minimum
　　hr=hour             
　　t=time
　　fig=figure           
　　ft=foot     
　　ml=mile            
　　doz=dozen
　　Mt=Mountain         　
　　P=page
　　prof. =professor       
　　Dr. =doctor
　　s=south               　
　　n=north
　　w=west             
　　Sta=Station        
　　pop=popular           　
　　vs=versus
　　Xmas=Christmas       
　　info=information
　　VIP=very important persons 
　　hrs=hours
　　aft=after              
　　ad=advertisement 
　　p/t=part time          
　　exp=experienced
　　PC=personal computer  
　　MA=Master of Arts
　　BS degree=bachelor's degree (学士学位)
　　
　　例题： （2008年全国卷I、II C篇） 
　　Ｗelcome to Adventureland!
　　　Everyone loves Adventureland! The Parks and Exhibitions were built for you to explore (探索) , enjoy, and admire their wonders. Every visit will be an unforgettable experience. You will go away enriched, longing to come back. What are you going to do this time?
The Travel Pavilion
　Explore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life.
　Visit the Amazon jungle village, the Turkish market, the Tai floating market, the Berber mountain house and others. Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives, and things they make. You can try making a carpet, making nets, fishing …
The Future Tower
　This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then. Spend some time in our space station climb into our simulator (模拟装置) for the Journey to Mars!
The Nature Park
　This is not really one park but several.
　In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers; see lions, giraffes, elephants in the wild. Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales. And then there is still the Aviary to see…
The Pyramid
　This is the center of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping centre. Come here for information and ideas too.

　　63. The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors ________.
　　A. realize the importance of traveling
　　B. become familiar with mountain countries
　　C. learn how to make things such as fishing nets
　　D. learn something about different places in the world

　　64. If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit _____________.
　　A. the Travel Pavilion        B. the Future Tower
　　C. the Safari Park            D. the Pyramid

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