[10-20 18:10:12] 来源：http://www.67xuexi.com 高二英语 阅读：85595次
▲ up to此处是与from连用的。up to单独使用时有"直到""至多"之 意。如：① It could be up to two years before the project is completed.可能需要两年时间这项工程才能完成。② She was here up to a few minutes ago. 她直到数分钟前还在这里。③ Our minibus can hold up to eight people. 我们的小车能容纳8人。④ Up to now I've never met him. 一直到现在，我还没见过他。
【注】up to有很多意思，常见的还有"忙于...""由......决定、负责"。如：① What have you been up to all day while I've been busy? 我整天忙着的时候你在干什么? ② Go and see what these girls are up to.去看看这些女孩子在干什么。③ It's up to you whether you decide t0 take the job. 要不要这份工作由你自己决定。④ It's up to you to break the news to him. 该由你把这消息告诉他。
【注】up to还可作"及得上""可以与......相比较"解。如：① This new book of Green's isn't up to his last. 格林的这本书不如上一本好。② He is not up to his father as a scholar. 作为学者他不如他父亲。
11. What makes the ocean such a great place to live? 究竟是什么东西使海洋成为如此优越的生活场所呢？(p.19 第一段倒数第2－1行) ▲ make的用法归纳
(1) make + n. + n. 使...① In 1849, Marx went to England and made London the base for his revolutionary work. 1849年马克思到了英国，把伦敦作为从事革命工作的基地。② We made him monitor. 我们选他当班长。
▲ 注意：当表示独一无二的职位名词作宾补时，例如：president，chairman，manager等，名词前不加冠词。
(2) make + n. + adj. 使...They've made their hometown rich. 他们已使家乡富有了。
(3) make + n. + do sth. 使某人做某事 The boss made him work 10 hours a day. 老板让他每天工作10小时。
▲ 注意：此句型若变成被动语态，后面的动词前要加"to"，构成"be made to do sth."。He was made to work 10 hours a day．他被迫一天工作10小时。
(4) make + n. + 过去分词She couldn't make herself heard. 别人听不到她的话。
12. Water is actually quite simple, but the way the water molecule is formed gives water its unique properties. 水实际上很简单，但是水分子组成的方式赋予它独特的特性。(p.19 Chemical Structure 第2－3行)
▲way在此处表示"方式"，其后的定语从句的关系代词that或in which均可省去。如：① That's the way I look at it. 这就是我对此的看法。② I don't like the way you laugh at her. 我不喜欢你那样嘲笑她。③ People like the way he wrote. 人们喜欢他写作的方式。④ The way you are doing it is completely crazy. 你这么个干法，简直是疯了。
【注】way后面除了跟省去关系代词的定语从句外，还可以跟不定式或动名词，两者之间没有重要的区别。如：①He had no way to communicate with them. 他没有办法和他们取得联系。② There is only one way of doing this properly. 只有一种办法能把这事办好。③ What's the way to address her? 应以怎样的方式称呼她? ④ I have no way of finding out whether they are competent. 我没办法弄清楚他们是否胜任。
【注】在in...way作状语时，in也可以省掉。如：① They both answered the same way. 他们都以同样的方式回答。② I'm going to do it my way. 我要按我自己的办法去做。③ You can't do it this way. 你不能这样做。
▲unique意为"独特的""独一无二的"。如：① She was a woman of unique talent and determination.她是个具有无与伦比的才能和决心的女人。②The stamp is unique; there are no others like it.这邮票是独一无二的，再也没有像这样的了。③ The area has its own unique language. 这个地区只有一种自己的语言。④ As a writer he has his own unique style.作为作家他有其独特的风格。 ⑤ The young author wrote a unique book about life with city. 那位青年作家写了一本独特的关于这座城市生活的书。
13. The water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. 水分子由二个氢原子和一个氧原子构成。(p.19 Chemical Structure 第3－4行)
▲ make up of常用被动式，意为"由......所组成"。如：① The train was made up of 15 coaches. 这列火车有15节车厢。② All living matter is made up of cells. 一切有生命的东西都由细胞组成。③ Paper, for instance, is made up of transparent fibers.例如纸就是由透明纤维构成的。④ New England is made up of six states. 新英格兰包括6个州。
▲make up可作"弥补...""赔偿""补足"解。如：① We'll do all we can to make up the economic losses. 我们要尽一切力量弥补这些经济损失。② This will make up for what he lacked in book knowledge. 这就可以补足他所缺少的书本知识。③ The new teacher made up for his inexperience by careful preparation for each lesson. 这位新教师每节课都认真准备，以此弥补自己的经验不足。
▲make up亦可作"编选""虚构"解。如：①These dances were made up by the students themselves. 这些舞蹈都是学生们自己编排的。② She made up an excuse to explain her absence. 她编了一套理由来解释自己为什么缺席。③ He asked each of us to make up a dialogue. 他让我们每人编一段对话。
▲make up还有"和解""言归于好"之意。如：① She told us about their quarrels and how they made up. 她给我们讲到了他们的争吵以及他们怎样又和好。②When a quarrel has once been made up, the best thing is to forget it.一场争吵和解后，最好是把它忘掉。③They advised him to make things up with his wife. 他们劝他和妻子言归于好。
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