[10-20 18:10:12] 来源：http://www.67xuexi.com 高二英语 阅读：85595次
★forbid (过去式forbade, forbad; 过去分词 forbidden) vt. "禁止；不许；阻止"，常用的结构是：forbid + doing"禁止干某事"；forbid + sb. to do sth."禁止某人干某事／阻止某人干某事。" Smoking is forbidden in our school. 我们学校禁止吸烟。If you want to go, I can't forbid you. 你想去，我也拦不住你。I forbid you to use my tape recorder. 我不许你用我的录音机。They forbid walking in the fields. 他们禁止在地里走。
注意："阻止某人干某事"的说法还有：
stop／prevent／keep sb. from doing sth.
Parking forbidden! = No parking! 禁止停车!
联想：forbidden adj. 被禁止的，禁止的forbidding adj. 难以接近的；可怕的；令人生畏的，令人毛骨悚然的 forbiddingly adv. 难以接近地，令人毛骨悚然地
Section II 阅读
4. I HAVE A DREAM我有一个梦 (p. 28Reading 'title')
★ dream
(1) vt. "做梦；梦见"，后面可跟名词或that-clause。I dreamed my grandfather. 我梦见过我的祖父。He dreamed that he was flying to the moon. 他梦见他正在飞向月球。
注意：当dream表示"梦想到"时，常用于否定句中，后面可接带不定式的复合结构或that-clause(从句通常用将来时)。如：I never dreamed her to go to college. = I never dreamed that she would go to college. 我连做梦也没想到她会上大学。
(2) vi."做梦；梦见；向往"，常用的结构为：dream of + n. / doing sth.。She said that she had dreamed of you. 她说她梦见过你。The people all over the world dream of peace.全世界人民向往和平。
(3) n."梦；心愿；愿望"，为可数名词。Last night I had a good／bad／wonderful／strange dream. 昨晚我做了一个好／坏／美／奇怪的梦。His dream has come true. 他的愿望实现了。
5. Martin Luther King. Jr gave a speech to thousands of black people who marched on Washington DC. 马丁.路德.金给成千上万在华盛顿特区游行的黑人发表了演说。 (P.28 第一段第1－2行)
★on此处作介词，意为"朝向" "向......方向"，是正式用语。如：① The workers marched on the Capital. 工人向国会大厦进发。②Take the first turning on your right.在第一个路口向右拐。③ Fortune smiled on his enterprise.他的企业兴旺发达。④ Ellen is eating，her eyes on her food. 海伦吃东西时两眼盯着食物。
【注】on作副词用时，也有"向前"之意。如：① If you walk on, you'll come to the church. 如果你再向前走，就到教堂了。② If any letters come while you are away, shall I send them on? 如果你不在的时候有信来，我是不是要转寄给你? ③ The two strolled on, arguing. 两人辩论着往前溜达。④There's no use staying on. 继续呆下去没有用。
6. At that time in the southern states, blacks were not treated as equal citizens. 那时在南方各州黑人不被当作平等的公民对待。（P.28 第二段 第1－2行）
★ 动词treat与as或like连用，表示"把......当作......看待"。如：① They treated me as one of the family.他们把我当家里人看待。②Why do you treat the matter as a joke? 你为什么把这件事当作玩笑呢? ③They treated each other like brothers. 他们亲如手足。④ He didn't want to be treated as a distinguished guest. 他不愿别人把他当上宾对待。⑤ She treated me as if I were a child. 她把我当作小孩看待。
▲treat可作"探讨""处理""讨论"解。如：① This problem has been treated by many experts. 这个问题已有很多专家探讨过了。②The novel treats the subject of justice. 这部小说的主题是正义。③ The theme of the play is skillfully treated. 这个剧的主题处理得很巧妙。
▲treat亦有"款待""待客"之意。如：① Let me treat you to a good meal.我请你吃一顿好的吧! ②I think I'll treat myself to a holiday in Guilin next year.我想明年去桂林好好地度个假。③ He treated his friends to a soda, and they treated him to a movie.他请他的朋友们喝汽水，他们请他看电影。 【注】treat作上述"款待""待客"解释时，与介词to连用。
▲treat与of连用时，表示"论述""推论"。如：① The report treats of the progress of cancer research. 该报告论述了对癌症研究的进展情况。② He treats of his subject scientifically.他科学地论述了他的题目。③ This lecture treats of the history of Ireland. 这一讲座论述了爱尔兰的历史。
【注】treat还可作"治疗"解释，请参见《1+1同步讲解》高二上册第228页。
7. King fought for political rights for black people in the USA. 金为美国黑人的政治权利而战斗。(P.28第三段第1行)
★ fight
(1) vt. & vi. 打仗、打架、奋斗、战斗 如：Did your father fight in the last war? (fight作不及物动词) 你父亲参加上一次的战斗了吗? If we all fight (against) pollution, we'll have a cleaner world (fight作及物动词，不加介词) 如果我们都同污染作斗争，我们将拥有一个更干净的世界。They fought the enemy to the end. 他们同敌人战斗到底。
(2) n. 战斗、搏斗、拳击赛The police were called in to stop the fight. 警察被叫来阻止这场争斗。The fight against pollution goes on. 反对污染的斗争在继续。
辨析：fight against，fight with与fight for
fight against意为"为反对......而战"；fight with既可表示"和...作斗争"，相当于fight against，也可表示"和......并肩作战"；fight for意为"为争取......而斗争"。如：Who'll fight with you for better working conditions? 谁会和你一起为争取更好的工作条件而斗争? The slaves were fighting for their freedom. 奴隶们为争取自由而斗争。Two dogs fought for a bone，and a third runs away with it. 鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。They fought against the Japanese during the Anti-Japanese War. 在抗日战争期间，他们曾经同日本人打过仗。You should be ready to fight against difficulties. 你们应该准备同困难作斗争。The slaves fought against / with the slave owners for their freedom. 奴隶们为了争取自由而和奴隶主们进行斗争。England fought with France against Germany in the First World War. 在第一次世界大战中，英国和法国一起为反对德国而战。
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